In short, the environmental impact of photovoltaic solar energy is practically zero and does not have any negative impact on the environment, as photovoltaic solar energy is the most efficient and sustainable way to generate your own energy.
We will now take a brief look at the different environmental factors to see why it does not negatively affect the environment.
Climate: Electricity generated from photovoltaic solar panels does not require any kind of combustion. Therefore, there are no CO2 emissions or thermal pollution that favour the dreaded greenhouse effect.
Geology: The manufacture of photovoltaic solar panels is done mainly with silicon, an element that is obtained from sand and which is obviously very abundant in nature. Not only it is an abundant material, but it is not required in large quantities. This means that it is not necessary to make significant alterations to the lithological, topographical or structural characteristics of the terrain when manufacturing photovoltaic solar panels.
Soil: The impact on the physical-chemical characteristics of the soil is null, given that there are no pollutants, earth movements or spillages. Likewise, it does not erode the soil.
Surface and underground water: It is clear that solar energy cannot alter aquifers or surface water, as it does not need water for its operation, nor does it pollutes them, as photovoltaic energy does not produce waste or discharges of any kind.
Flora and fauna: Not only is the repercussion on fauna and flora null, but by eliminating or avoiding power lines, possible negative effects on birds are avoided.
Landscape: PV panels can be integrated and harmonised with the terrain and structures in different ways, which minimises their visual impact on the landscape. In addition, with free-standing systems in the field, poles and power lines are not used, which contributes to not worsening the landscape with power lines.
Noises: Photovoltaic solar panels do not produce any type of noise, which, in isolated dwellings, is an additional advantage over motor generators or windmills.
Social environment: For houses, businesses, industrial buildings or stables in the countryside, photovoltaic panels can be integrated on the roofs. In the case of what is called a solar farm for electricity production, the amount of land required for a medium-sized plantation is not significant enough to produce a serious visual impact.
In conclusion, it is clear that if we want to provide electricity to a natural environment, preserving as much as possible the conditions of the surroundings, the best solution is undoubtedly photovoltaic solar energy.
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